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Dispelling 1031 Myths, part 3

Monday, August 31st, 2009 by Moore McLaughlin

UnicornThe following are two additional myths that trip up investors and cause them to pay more taxes than they should.  This post is a continuation of my previous posts where I am trying to help investors understand the power of 1031 exchanges and not fall into certain misunderstandings.

 Myth No. 5

 I can’t do a 1031 exchange because I am purchasing the Replacement Property and I haven’t sold my Relinquished property yet.

A reverse exchange is the “flip side” of a deferred exchange, where an investor directly or indirectly acquires a like kind replacement property before disposing of a relinquished property. Once the replacement property is acquired, the investor has 180 days from that date to close on the sale of their relinquished property (or until the due date of their tax return, including extensions). In the current real estate market, owners of real estate often face the prospect of losing the opportunity to acquire a desirable replacement property when the seller of such property is unwilling or unable to wait while the investor completes the disposition of a relinquished property. Sellers in today’s market may have a hard time estimating how many days their relinquished property will be listed on the market for sale before the deal will actually close. Furthermore, it is taking buyers more time than usual to secure financing and get to the closing table. However, in the meantime, perhaps the seller has found the perfect replacement property, or a property that has just been reduced and now the price is right and they need to act quickly. Or perhaps a business owner who is relocating may desire to purchase their new office space before selling their current office space to accommodate a smooth transition of employees and daily operations. A reverse exchange is perfect for these scenarios.

 On October 2, 2000 the Internal Revenue Service (”IRS”) issued Revenue Procedure 2000-37 providing guidance on structuring reverse exchanges to avoid IRS challenge.  The Revenue Procedure describes a safe harbor for reverse exchanges if certain requirements are met.  All States 1031 has been a leader in structuring and implementing reverse exchanges, and has formed an affiliated company, All States Reverse Exchange Facilitator, LLC, to handle the high volume of transactions. Taxpayers contemplating a reverse exchange also need to consider their financing options in advance. It is important to note that if a taxpayer wishes to defer taxes with a reverse exchange, they must contact a Qualified Intermediary like All States 1031 before they close on the purchase of their replacement property. Anyone considering the purchase or sale of investment property is encouraged to call Alexandra L. Hart at All States 1031 toll free at (877) 395-1031 for a complimentary consultation.  Planning ahead is the best way to ensure a seamless 1031 exchange, so call today!

 Myth No. 6

 My partners don’t want to exchange, so I’m going to exchange my partnership interest.

 Exchanges of partnership interests generally do not qualify for non-recognition treatment under IRC § 1031.  Therefore, when partners want to end their relationship, they cannot each exchange out of their partnership interests into another partnership interest or real property under IRC § 1031. Such transactions can be structured as 1031 exchanges, however, by converting the partnership interest into a real property interest. Once the partners dissolve their partnership and hold the property as tenants in common, they can each defer taxes with their own 1031 exchange(s), or some partners can take cash at closing and pay tax on their portion. The various structures include partnership split-ups, split-offs, buy-outs and formations. Such transactions are often referred to as “drop & swaps” or “swap & drops.” Structuring these transactions is not without tax risk, and requires the advice of an experienced tax professional. When partners are selling investment property and no longer want to stay in the partnership, the key to structuring a successful exchange is to plan ahead. Once the partnership has signed a legal contract to sell, it may be too late to structure a 1031 exchange, since the name on the contract should not be the partnership entity, unless the partnership is staying together to buy the replacement property. However, with proper planning, it is possible for each partner to get exactly what they want out of the sale. The owner of All States 1031, F. Moore McLaughlin, IV, Esq., CPA, CES®, is a licensed tax attorney and nationally recognized educational speaker on this subject. To start planning ahead for a partnership exchange, please call Attorney McLaughlin toll free at (877) 395-1031 for a complimentary consultation.

Educate yourself and don’t fall for these common myths

Check back for more posts dispelling other myths about 1031 exchanges.  In the meantime, click here for more 1031 myths or contact me or Alexandra L. Hart at 877-395-1031 or by e-mail fmm@allstates1031.com or ahart@allstates1031.com.

Dispelling 1031 Myths, part 1

Monday, August 10th, 2009 by Moore McLaughlin

ufoOver the next few posts, I will be dispelling many of the common myths surrounding 1031 exchanges.  The confusion and misunderstandings caused by the myths has resulted in many taxpayers paying more taxes than they should.  By paying the excess taxes, the non-exchangers have reduced the amount that they can reinvest, thereby needlessly reducing their income.

Myth No. 1

I sold a single-family rental property, thus I must buy a single-family rental property.

Alexandra and I hear this all the time.  Similarly, we hear “I can only trade raw land for raw land” or “multi-family for multi-family” or “Massachusetts property for Massachusetts property.”  In actuality, Section 1031 requires an exchange of “like-kind” property.  When dealing with real estate, “like-kind” is defined as any interest in real property.  Therefore, an exchanger can trade a single-family rental property for a commercial building.  Raw land can be exchanged for developed land.  Massachusetts real estate can be exchanged for Florida real estate.

Fractional interests can be exchanged for fee simple (or undivided) interests.  Likewise, fee simple interests can be exchanged for tenants-in-common interests.  Often times we see exchangers selling fee simple interests in Rhode Island property and buying TICs in other states.

Conservation easements, development rights, air rights and other intangible real estate rights can qualify as real property and be exchanged for fee simple interests, TICs and other real estate investments.

In summary, real estate is broadly defined.  Tax courts look to local law in determining if an interest is “real property”.  If the interest is real property, then the exchanger has a very wide array of options

Myth No. 2

My property is not worth enough for the trouble of a 1031 exchange.

Nothing could be further from the truth.  First of all, 1031 exchanges are very easy, especially with All States 1031 Exchange Facilitator, LLC.  We handle all the paperwork to satisfy the stringent requirements of the IRS and hold your hand throughout the entire process.  Our experience and knowledge of the tax law and the 1031 exchange process allows us to simply everything for you.

Second, the key in determining the value of the 1031 exchange is to look at the amount of taxes that will be deferred, not the selling price of the relinquished property.  The amount of the tax that will be deferred is based on the amount of gain that will be recognized if you do not complete an exchange.  Your CPA or other tax return preparer can help you with the exact calculation or use our capital gains calculator to determine an estimate of your tax.  In any event, even for a low selling price, a taxpayer who has owned the property for many years or who otherwise has a low adjusted tax basis may be staring at a large tax bill.  the other component of determining your tax is the tax rate.  The federal long-term capital gains rate is currently 15%.  However, under several proposals, this rate could increase to 20%, 28% or higher.  Don’t forget that any depreciation you have taken gets taxed at 25% currently.  And, for some of you, various states will impose taxes.  For example, Rhode Island just increased its tax on long-term capital gains from 1.67% to 9.9%.  By exchanging real estate in a 1031 exchange, all of these taxes can be deferred, and the tax money reinvested in your new property.

So, even a relatively low selling price of $300,000 by a person with an adjusted tax basis of $100,000 could result in a tax of over $50,000.  Instead of sending that money to the government, why not reinvest it and reap the rewards of the larger investment?

In summary, understand the facts of 1031 exchanges and don’t fall for these common myths.  You will save money in the long-run and be a smarter investor.

Check back for more posts dispelling other myths about 1031 exchanges.  In the meantime, click here for more 1031 myths or contact me or Alexandra Hart at 877-395-1031 or by e-mail fmm@allstates1031.com or ahart@allstates1031.com.

Estate Planning and 1031 Exchanges

Sunday, August 2nd, 2009 by Moore McLaughlin

The 1031 exchange is a powerful income tax savings and deferral tool.  With proper planning and implementation, 1031 exchanges can be an integral part of estate tax planning.  As with 1031 exchanges, anyone wishing to establish a well-thought out and properly considered estate plan is well advised to seek the services of a tax attorney who specializes in estate tax planning.

Estate PlanningThe primary reason why 1031 exchanges can be used so effectively in estate planning is because of the law that allows the heirs to receive a stepped-up basis in the assets transferred to them upon death.  Capital gains are calculated based on the difference between the amount received from the sale of the asset and the seller’s adjusted tax basis.  The seller’s adjusted tax basis is the amount paid for the asset originally, plus the cost of capital improvements, reduced by the amount of depreciation deductions taken over the years.  If the amount received (including debt paid off or assumed) exceeds the adjusted tax basis, a capital gain results.  A 1031 exchange allows the seller to avoid gain recognition, in part, by transferring the basis from the relinquished property to the replacement property.  Then, if the replacement property is ever sold, the deferred gain may be recognized or deferred again with another 1031 exchange.

However, if the replacement property is owned by the exchanger upon the exchanger’s death, then the heirs get to “step up” the basis to the property’s fair market value as of the date of death.  If the heirs sell the property the next day, no gain is recognized because the basis of the property was increased to an amount equal to the fair market value.  In this instance, the gain that was deferred by the 1031 exchange is permanently avoided.

Exchangers are sometimes confronted with the decision of whether to sell a property and take back a promissory note, i.e. seller financing.  In such a case, the seller would recognize the capital gain over time, as payments are made under the terms of the promissory note.  The downside to this plan, from an estate tax perspective, is that the heirs do not get to step up the basis in the promissory note.  As a result, the entire amount of gain must be recognized at some point in the future as payments are received.

Most seniors and retirees look at an asset as merely a producer of an income stream, whether payments under a note, net rent from an investment property, or stock dividends.  Many times, these seniors and retirees are looking for an income stream that is generated without any effort on their part.  They’ve put in their time over the years and are looking for passive income.

A 1031 exchange is the perfect solution because of the IRS definition of real estate and the development of tenant-in-common (TIC) investments office-buildingand the proliferation of single-tenant triple-net lease properties.  I’ve worked with many people in this exact situation and they come to realize that they can enjoy a greater stream of income by reinvesting all of their sales proceeds, not just the net after taxes.  1031 exchanges all investors to achieve a higher reinvestment capital through the power of tax deferral.  furthermore, distributions from TIC investments are often times easier to split up amongst heirs than leaving behind a physical piece of real estate, especially one that requires hands-on management.

To learn more about estate tax planning, click here

To learn more about various types of passive investments that qualify for 1031 exchange replacement property, click here.

For more information about estate planning, contact F. Moore McLaughlin, Esq, CPA, CES(r) at 401-421-5115 x212 or by e-mail at mmclaughlinquinn@mclaughlinquinn.com.

Education is Key to Tax Savings

Tuesday, July 21st, 2009 by Moore McLaughlin

Everyone from the greatest tax attorney on down knows that the Internal Revenue Code is complicated and impossible to understand.  I’ve always maintained that the easiest way to achieve true tax simplification is to pass a law requiring everyone in Congress and the President to prepare their own tax returns, by hand, and be subjected to a line-by-line audit.  I guarantee that the tax code would be shortened and made easier to understand.  I’m not sure that would be so great for tax attorneys, but I’m sure it would be good for America.

Since we know this will never happen, we are left with trying to understand the laws as they are currently written.  Fortunately, a few of us little-red-school-house1make our living understanding and applying the tax laws in ways to help our clients.  I have been teaching tax law to CPAs, attorneys, real estate brokers, real estate and other investors, and anyone who will listen since I began practicing law over 17 years ago.  I believed then, and I believe even more strongly now, that those who are better educated about how the tax laws work have a decided advantage over those who don’t.  Seeking an experienced professional is certainly a wise move, but the client who has more than a mere passing knowledge of the tax laws will, in the long run, be more successful than his or her peers who lack a solid understanding.  Remembering that it is not what you make, but what you keep that is important.

All of this brings me to the topic of 1031 exchanges.  1031 exchanges are a very powerful tool, in the right hands.  While in many respects 1031 exchanges are very simple, and should scare no one, certain complex nuances can be exploited to save even more taxes when used properly.  Alexandra Hart and I spend a good portion of our work time educating investors and their professionals about basic and not-so-basic aspects of 1031 exchanges and debunking the most common myths and misunderstandings about 1031 exchanges.  We send out monthly educational newsletters to further educate exchangors and their advisors.

One of the basic areas where we educate investors deals with what types of properties qualify for 1031 exchanges.  Once people learn that they can exchange a three-family rental for a commercial building, or raw land for improved land, or property in Rhode Island for property in Florida, they start to see the unlimited possibilities.  We educate exchangors about the time constraints set forth for 1031 exchanges.  Exchangors who understand these rules make better decisions about which properties to pursue.  Alexandra spends many hours each week speaking with CPAs explaining how to calculate the tax a client would owe without the exchange and how to compare it to the tax savings of doing the exchange.

We also explain the possibilities of investing in tenant-in-common arrangements, whereby a small investor can leverage his or her exchange proceeds into a larger, more profitable, and easier-to-manage property, all within the rules of section 1031.  Again, education is the key.  These investors are more informed and geneally make smarter investment decisions.

school-booksI encourage everyone who is interested in exchanging to read, read and read, and ask questions.  As a caveat, make sure you ask the right people, not your brother, your neighbor, or your friend from the gym (unless these people are trained in 1031 exchanges).  Visit our website at www.allstates1031.com to read the many articles I have written.  Continue checking this blog.  Call or e-mail me or Alexandra or request our free 1031 exchange guide and start the education process early to give yourself the best chance for a successful 1031 exchange.

The Continued Popularity of 1031 Exchanges Among Baby Boomers

Monday, July 6th, 2009 by Moore McLaughlin

Mark TwainI have read some recent posts on various websites proclaiming that 1031 exchanges are dead among Baby Boomers.  As Mark Twain wrote from London after reading his own obituary, “The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated.”  In fact, the baby boomers may be the demographic group that uses 1031 exchanges most frequently.  The reasons are fairly obvious.  Wealth is not accumulated overnight, usually.  It takes time.  The older you are, the more time you have had to accumulate wealth.  Plus, those with wealth tend to have better tax and investment advisors who can teach them all the tricks.

But, most importantly, many baby boomers have undertaken extensive and appropriate estate planning and therefore understand the value of 1031 exchanges in an integrated estate plan.  Exchangors can acquire the replacement property or properties and hold them until death.  At this point, their heirs receive a stepped-up basis in the property and the capital gains tax has been completely avoided.

Some promoters are pitching a new product called a deferred sales trust.  Looking beyond whether these types of structures actually achieve the touted tax results, and whether the funds are truly safe, and whether the return on the investment is reasonable, the tax results, especially compared to 1031 exchanges, must be analyzed.  The premise behind the deferred sales trust is that the taxpayer sells the property and effectively receives an installment obligation, thereby allowing the gain to be recognized in future tax years when the payments are received.  Two important tax consequences result from this structure.

First, as gain is recognized in subsequent years, the tax is imposed on these gains based on the tax rates in effect at the time.  Since long-term capital gains rates are at historic lows right now, there is no where to go but up.  So, a present value tax calculation should include the possibility that tax rates will increase.  In Rhode Island, the tax rates on long-term capital gains recently increased from 1.67% to 9.9%, effective beginning in 2010.  For federal tax purposes, President Obama campaigned on a pledge of higher taxes.  As a result, the tax bite on an installment sale will not be insignificant.

Second, payments under installment sale notes are generally treated as income in respect of a decedent when received by the estate of a decedent.  No step-up in basis is allowed.  Thus, the estate or the heirs will pay the income tax.  Not the case with 1031 exchange replacement property.  Replacement property received by an estate or heirs steps-up the basis to its current fair market value.  If the heirs or the estate sells the property at that value, no tax results.  Not the case with installment sale notes.

Another important feature of 1031 exchanges for baby boomers, and other real estate investors, is the ability to exchange into qualifying replacement properties that require little or no active owner involvement.  Many Tenant-In-Common investments are available whereby exchangors can buy a fractional interest in a property and have the property professionally managed for them.  Single-tenant triple-net properties are also available, as are shopping malls with triple-net tenants.  An exchangor should consult with a professional in searching for the various options that are available.  Or, visit the Property Exchange web page sponsored for free by All States 1031 Exchange Facilitator, LLC.

For these reasons, as well as many others, the 1031 exchange often makes more sense than the deferred sales trust.  In any event, consult with a tax attorney, preferably one who is also a CPA and a Certified Exchange Specialist, who can explain the differences and help you decide which option makes the most sense for a particular person and scenario.

All States 1031 Celebrates 10th Anniversary

Monday, June 29th, 2009 by Moore McLaughlin

Moore and Alexandra want to thank everyone who has helped make the past 10 years an unprecedented success for us here at All States 1031 Exchange Facilitator, LLC.  We thank all of our loyal clients, our trusted referral sources and especially our friends and family.  We also want to thank all of our former partners and employees who helped lay the groundwork for our success, such as Paul D., Tom, Stephanie, Danielle and Don.  We are proud to have survived and thrived over a sometimes tumultuous and sometimes roaring real estate market.

Celebrating 10 Great Years

Celebrating 10 Great Years

We have noticed lately that many of our strongest, long-time competitors are disappearing.  The 1031 industry has lost many great professionals in the last couple of years, some of whom we consider to be our friends, to downsizing, elimination of positions, ceasing to do business and other reasons.  We frequently hear stories about exchangors who try to reach the QI who helped them in the past, only to find no one answering the phone, or that the trusted exchange consultant is no longer employed.  In each of these situations, we find new opportunities.  Many of our customers and referral sources are proudly encouraging their friends and clients to call us at All States 1031.  Referrals are our most important source of new business.  When some one passes along our name, they are showing the trust in us that we have earned.  And we thank you for this.  Click here to read some of the great things our clients and referral sources have said about us.

In celebration of our 10th Anniversary, we are offering a special gift to all new and repeat exchangors.  Click here to learn more about our 10th Anniversary Stimulus package and how you can save money on your next exchange.

Once again, Thank You for the last 10 years and we look forward to the next 10.

Importance of Certified Exchange Specialist (CES®)

Monday, May 18th, 2009 by Moore McLaughlin

When choosing a Qualified Intermediary many factors come into play.  Of extreme importance, however, is whether the QI has a CES® on staff.  The CES® designation was developed by a group of forward-thinking members of the Federation of Exchange Accommodators, the national trade association for 1031 exchange qualified intermediaries.  These leaders knew that exchangers should be able to rely on their QI to conduct a valid exchange and provide accurate exchange advice.  Prior to the CES® designation, there were few ways to differentiate between QIs with adequate experience and training and those QIs who lacked these necessities.  Thus, the CES® designation was born.

In order to obtain become a CES®, a candidate must have at least three years’ experience in all aspects of 1031 exchanges.  Once acquiring the requisite experience, the candidate must pass a rigorous written examination and pledge to adhere to a strict Code of Ethics.  Furthermore, the CES® must earn continuing education credits each year, including continuing ethics compliance.

While there are certainly qualified professionals acting as QIs who do not have the CES® designation, most of the best QIs do have someone on staff with this designation.  Note that the CES® designation is for individuals, not companies.  Currently, there is no equivalent designation for companies.

So, when searching for a QI, one of the first things to look for is a CES® on staff.

Security Issues…

Monday, June 18th, 2007 by Moore McLaughlin

I am sure many of you have recently read articles telling of horror stories of Qualified Intermediaries running into the sunset with their clients money. It’s sad to say but it has happened. The Exchangors doing business with these companies either were misinformed about the security features offered by the companies or they did not ask any questions about what was happening with their funds.

Make sure your funds are in an INDIVIDUAL, DUAL SIGNATORY ACCOUNT and make sure that you are receiving monthly statements directly from the bank or that you can call and get the current balance on your account from the bank.

Ask if they are bonded and insured.

Ask if they are members of the Federation of Exchange Accommodators and if they have a Certified Exchange Specialist on staff.

Remember not to focus on the price of the exchange - You get what you pay for. If you want superior knowledge, protection and service, it’s going to cost you a reasonable fee but in the long run you are going to be thankful for the security in knowing your exchange was completed correctly and you have no worries.

The bitterness of poor quality remains long after the sweetness of low price is forgotten

You have the right to know these things.

Click here to see all the security features that All States 1031 has to offer.